Map - Chittagong Hill Tracts (Parbattya Chattagram District)

The Chittagong Hill Tracts (পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম), often shortened to simply the Hill Tracts and abbreviated to CHT, are group of districts within the Chittagong Division in southeastern Bangladesh, bordering India and Myanmar (Burma). Covering 13295 km2, they formed a single district until 1984, when they were divided into three districts: Khagrachari District, Rangamati Hill District, and Bandarban District.

Topographically, the Hill Tracts are the only extensively hilly area in Bangladesh. It was historically settled by many tribal refugees from Burma Arakan in 16th century and now it is settled by the Jumma people. Today, it remains one of the least developed parts of Bangladesh.

The Chittagong Hill Tracts along with Ladakh, Sikkim, Tawang, Darjeeling, Bhutan and Sri Lanka, constitute some of the remaining abodes of Buddhism in South Asia.

According to the census of 2022, the population was 1,842,815 of whom 920,217 were tribal people and the rest were from the Bengali (Muslim and Hindu) community. The tribal populations include the Chakma, Marma, Tripura, Tanchangya, Assamese, Keot (Kaibarta), Chak, Pankho, Mro, Murang, Bom, Lushei, Khyang, and Khumi, and differ markedly from the Bengali majority of Bangladesh in language, culture, physical appearance, religion, dress and farming methods.

The population of the three districts (zilas) totalled 1,598,000 in the provisional returns of the census of 2011, making the population density roughly 120 per km2. About 49.94% of the population are tribal people and mainly followers of Theravada Buddhism (41.74%); 50.06% of the inhabitants are Bengalis (44% Muslims and 6.06% Hindus) and Bengalis are the largest ethnic group. Muslim population in three districts are Bandarban 52.68%, Khagrachari 46.56% and Rangamati 36.22%.